Engine
The Austin 10 engine works on the four-stroke or Otto cycle principle. 4 cylinder monoblock with side valves.
The cycle begins at top dead center (TDC), when the piston is furthest away from the crankshaft. On the first stroke (intake/induction) of the piston, as the piston descends it reduces the pressure in the cylinder, a mixture of fuel and air is forced, by atmospheric pressure, into the cylinder through the intake (inlet) port. The intake (inlet) valve then closes and the following stroke (compression) compresses the fuel-air mixture. The air-fuel mixture is then ignited by a spark plug for, at approximately the top of the compression stroke. The resulting expansion of burning gases pushes the piston downward for the third stroke (power) and in the fourth stroke (exhaust) the piston pushes the products of combustion from the cylinder through an exhaust valve.
1. Sparking plug washer. 2. Cylinder head joint washer. 3. Piston. 4. Gudgeon pin. 5. Gudgeon pin clamping bolt. 6. Drive gear for oil pump and ignition timing. 7. Camshaft. 8. Flywheel flange bolt. 9. Flywheel. 10. Oil return pipe to sump. 11. Oil pump delivery pipe. 12. Oil pressure valve lock-nut. 13. Valve stem. 14. Valve guide. 15. Valve spring. 16. Tappet adjustment screw. 17. Flat to accommodate locking plate. 18. Barrel tappet. 19. Camshaft timing chain. 20. Camshaft front bearing. 21. Crankshaft pulley. 22. Starting handle dog and nut. 23. Oil thrower. 24. Felt oil retainer. 25. Crankshaft front bearing. 26. Bearing cap. 27. Crankshaft. 28. Connecting rod big-end. 29. Oil sump. 30. Crankshaft thrust washers. 31. Big-end bearing.